四川銅幣
華夏文明上下五千年,歷史文化源遠(yuǎn)流長。每一個歷史發(fā)展的階段都是我們國家成長的足跡,銀元也正是這歷史銀河中組成的重要部分。就其特定的歷史時期也使它在錢幣史上占據(jù)著重要的地位,它不僅代表著近代中國的文化,反映了我國近代歷史、經(jīng)濟、金融的興衰和滄桑,具有很高的藝術(shù)觀賞價值和文物價值
Over the past five thousand years, Chinese civilization has a long history of history and culture. Every stage of historical development is the footprint of our country's growth, and the silver dollar is also an important part of the historical galaxy. Its specific historical period also makes it occupy an important position in the history of coins. It not only represents the monetary culture of modern China, but also reflects the ups and downs and vicissitudes of our modern history, economy and finance. It has high artistic and cultural value.
軍造四川銅幣”是辛亥革命時期的產(chǎn)物。1911年12月發(fā)生“成都兵變”,以尹昌衡、羅綸為正副都督的四川軍取代了成立僅12天的大漢四川軍。新的四川軍成立之初即面臨著需用日繁、度支日絀的財政困窘局面。軍迅速接管了四川成都造幣廠,決定鑄造“四川銅幣”以應(yīng)急。民國元年(1912年)4月,四川成都造幣廠奉四川軍之命,開模鑄造“軍
造四川銅幣”(也稱“漢”字銅元)。
Sichuan copper coin made by the military government was the product of the 1911 Revolution. In December 1911, the Chengdu Mutiny took place. The Sichuan Military Government, with Yin Changheng and Laurent as its principal and deputy governors, replaced the Sichuan Military Government, which had only been established for 12 days. At the beginning of the establishment of the new Sichuan military government, it was faced with the financial predicament that needed more and more money and spent less and less. The military government quickly took over the Chengdu Mint in Sichuan and decided to coin "Sichuan Copper coin" for emergency. In April of the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the Chengdu Mint of Sichuan, under the orders of the Sichuan Military Government, opened a mould to cast the army.
Sichuan copper coin (also known as "Han" copper coin).
四川銅幣,是晚清和北洋時期四川省地方鑄造的。由于川省銀銅礦缺乏,加之辛亥革命以后軍閥割據(jù),致使《幣制條例》關(guān)于銅幣之原料比例、銅幣面額的規(guī)定沒有嚴(yán)格遵守,四川銅幣發(fā)行量十分,致使物價虛高、影響經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。四川銅幣,自光緒二十九年(1903年)六月開鑄,至民國二十四年(1935年)十一月法幣開始流通才逐漸退出流通領(lǐng)域
四川銅幣,是晚清和北洋時期四川省地方鑄造的。由于川省銀銅礦缺乏,加之辛亥革命以后軍閥割據(jù),致使《幣制條例》關(guān)于銅幣之原料比例、銅幣面額的規(guī)定沒有嚴(yán)格遵守,四川銅幣發(fā)行量十分,致使物價虛高、影響經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。四川銅幣,自光緒二十九年(1903年)六月開鑄,至民國二十四年(1935年)十一月法幣開始流通才逐漸退出流通領(lǐng)域
Sichuan copper coin was coined by the local regime of Sichuan Province in the late Qing Dynasty and the Beiyang Period. Due to the lack of silver and copper mines in Sichuan Province and the warlord separatism after the 1911 Revolution, the regulations of the Central Government on the proportion of raw materials and the denomination of copper coins in the Monetary Regulations have not been strictly observed. The circulation of copper coins in Sichuan Province is very large, resulting in a virtual high price and affecting economic development. Sichuan copper coins were minted in June, 1903, and were gradually withdrawn from circulation until November, 1935, when the French coins began to circulate in the Republic of China.
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清代鑄造機制銅圓訖1900年(光緒二十六年)始,至1911年(宣統(tǒng)三年)止,歷時十余年。1900年廣東開鑄銅圓之后,清諭令沿江沿海各省仿鑄時,并未規(guī)定統(tǒng)一的格式。全國各地皆自行開模鑄造,各行其是。因此,大多未曾鐫刻紀(jì)年,僅江南、江蘇、奉天三省,除鑄造無紀(jì)年當(dāng)十銅圓之外,另鑄造了數(shù)種干支紀(jì)年銅圓。其中,江南鑄有壬寅(光緒二,1902年)、癸卯(光緒二十九年,1903年)、甲辰(光緒三十年,1904年)、乙巳(光緒三十一年,1905年)四種年號當(dāng)十銅圓;江蘇鑄有壬寅、癸卯兩種年號當(dāng)十銅圓;奉天鑄有癸卯、甲辰、乙巳、丙午(光緒三十二年,1906年)四種年號當(dāng)十銅圓。 1906年,清下令停鑄“光緒元寶”,改鑄“大清銅幣”,并頒布統(tǒng)一的祖模,命各地仿鑄。故全國共二十個省局鑄造的“大清銅幣”,盡皆鐫鑄干支年號,無一例外?,F(xiàn)存世的清代“大清銅幣”當(dāng)十,共發(fā)現(xiàn)乙巳、丙午、丁未(光緒三十三年,1907年)、戊申(光緒三十四年,1908年)、己酉(宣統(tǒng)元年,1909年)、辛亥(宣統(tǒng)三年,1911年)六種年號。
清代當(dāng)十銅圓鑄造之初,清并沒有對銅圓的紋飾圖案,作嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定。因此,各省局所鑄銅圓盡管其幣背皆采用龍型圖案,但龍型各異,種類繁多。初入門的銅圓收藏愛好者,在按鑄地省局名,按年號,按材質(zhì)分門別類收藏當(dāng)十銅圓時,尚容易分辨,而按龍圖區(qū)分,則相對比較困難。所以,從幣背龍圖明顯區(qū)別之處著手。
清代末期,不少的省局分別鑄造了多種背龍圖案的當(dāng)十銅圓,尤其是在“光緒元寶”當(dāng)十銅圓中,這種現(xiàn)象相當(dāng)。如湖北造“光緒元寶”當(dāng)十銅圓,即有大蟠龍、小蟠龍、特大龍、水龍、坐龍、珠圈水龍、珠圈坐龍等多種背龍圖案。光緒三十一年(1905年),清為整頓圜法,下令停鑄“光緒元寶”,改鑄“大清銅幣”,并由統(tǒng)一頒發(fā)祖模。故“大清銅幣”的背龍圖案相對比較統(tǒng)一,但也不是完全沒有區(qū)別。如“鄂”銘“大清銅幣”當(dāng)十銅圓,則有“部頒大清龍”與“湖北大清龍”之分;“湘”銘“大清銅幣”,也有“部頒大清龍”、“乙字龍”、“駝背龍”、“掃帚龍”之分。
一般來說對當(dāng)十銅圓背龍圖案小版式的區(qū)分,主要是看龍頭(大頭龍、小頭龍、葫蘆頭)、龍尾(大尾龍、細(xì)尾龍、七尾龍、八尾龍)、龍角(角內(nèi)彎、角外彎)、龍爪(四爪、五爪、龍爪下單寶、龍爪上下雙寶)、龍珠(大龍珠、小龍珠、龍珠三火焰、龍珠五火焰)、龍刺(龍刺朝上、龍刺朝下),以及龍身周圍祥云(大祥云、小祥云、云團多寡)等等細(xì)微處的不同。由于現(xiàn)今銅圓圖譜拓制及印刷的關(guān)系,銅圓的細(xì)小差別不容易看清楚。所以,此時更重要的是進行銅圓與銅圓的比較。
所屬分類:物資回收/銷毀
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